London has long been described as a city of villages – neighbourhoods with distinct identities and economies. However, its commercial heart has traditionally been more monocentric, with the City and West End as the dominant powerhouses of economic activity. From the arrival of Canary Wharf in the late 1980s, to the more recent transformation of King's Cross and Stratford, hubs have challenged the notion that London’s business centre must be confined to these areas, presenting a polycentric vision for the capital.